Pick by Light is a well-known technology in manufacturing to simplify the picking of multiple parts for kitting. It is a proven technology, albeit setting it up is still time-consuming. In this post I would like to show you a low-tech alternative that I have seen at the BMW Group Dingolfing plant: Pick by Stencil! You use a pattern, stencil, or jig to have one slot for each part of this particular pick. Another pick simply uses another stencil. Let me show you…
Efficiency
On the Value of Time in Manufacturing—Fluctuations
In my last post, I talked about the value of time in manufacturing, focusing on cyclic or repeatable times. However, the bigger problems are often non-cyclic or fluctuating times. The main difference is that non-cyclic work is a fluctuation, and it causes all kinds of other waste, from excess inventory to additional waiting times. On the other hand, depending on how often the fluctuation happens, there may not be so much benefit in reducing its duration. Read on…
On the Value of Time in Manufacturing—Cyclic Work
Time is money. One goal in lean is to reduce the time needed to do the work by eliminating waste (muda, which is the better-known part of reducing time) and fluctuations (mura, which many people skip over because it is more difficult, but also more powerful). However, not all time is equal. Reducing the time needed to do the work saves labor cost, but depending on where you save the time, you may have many more additional benefits. Let’s have a look.
Never Skip a Step in a Chaku Chaku Line!
Chaku Chaku lines and many other manufacturing cells and manufacturing lines have one (or more) operators working on different processes throughout the cycle. However, with this multi-machine handling, a worker must not skip a process if there are technical problems. Doing so—even with the best intentions—will increase fluctuations and cause waste. Let’s have a look at an example of why skipping steps is not so good.
On the Eighth Wastes of Unused Human Creativity
Reducing or eliminating waste (muda) is one of the approaches to lean manufacturing. Traditionally, Toyota uses seven types of waste. In the Western world, an eighth type of waste is also often used, namely “unused human creativity.” There is much discussion whether this is a good, useful waste to analyze or not. As I started to write this article, I saw this type of waste as not so helpful in lean manufacturing. Colleen Soppelsa, whose opinion I respect very much, on the other hand, sees it as a very helpful type of waste. Time to sort out my thoughts and reconsider the pros and cons of including “unused human creativity” in the lineup of the types of waste. Maybe by the end of this article I will change my mind. Let’s see…
Effects on Efficiency—Group Size, Line, Location, Product
In my last post, I started to look at factors that affect the efficiency of your line, in particular the percentage of value-added time by the operators. For this I have a good data set with fifty-three different observations. One major factor was the speed of the line. Faster lines are not only easier to optimize, but they also yield more benefit for the optimization. In this post I will look at group size, as well as comparing Japan and Germany, final assemblies with subassemblies, and passenger cars with commercial vehicles.
Effects on Efficiency—Takt Time
Whenever I visit a factory where manual work is done, I try to estimate the percentage of value-adding time. This brings up an interesting question: What factors do affect the percentage of value-adding time? Let’s dig through my data to see what matters.
Variable Takt at Fendt in Marktoberdorf—Part 3
This is the third post in my series on how Fendt handles its rather large variability. As mentioned before, all of their tractors—eleven different models with countless variants—come from the same assembly line in Marktoberdorf. This includes small tractors that are just barely one meter wide and huge ones as you see here on the left. Imagine assembling motor bikes, cars, and trucks on the same assembly line, and you are getting close to the variability that Fendt has to deal with. Overall, this makes Fendt in my view one of the leading plants in the world in handling variability.