History – AllAboutLean.com

The History of the Eight Disciplines Problem Solving (8D)

August 21, 2025July 8, 2025 by Christoph Roser

One popular approach to problem solving is the eight disciplines problem solving, or 8D for short (even though they are now 9D). This is an alternative to the Toyota Practical Problem Solving. I slightly prefer the Toyota approach over the 8D approach developed by Ford, but the 8D also has its advantages. Since it focuses more on urgent quality issues, it has a bigger emphasis on quick reaction and containment plans, but in my view falls a bit short on the Check and Act of the PDCA. I will talk more about the 8D in my next post. But first let’s look at the history of the 8D problem solving, starting with the infamous Ford Pinto fuel tank issue…

Continuous Improvement Loops in Aviation—Part 2

October 19, 2025April 22, 2025 by Christoph Roser

Safety Day at St Petersburg Pulkovo Airport

Commercial aviation is among the safest modes of transport. This is thanks to a continuing improvement process spanning decades (and still ongoing). In this series of posts I will look at how aviation safety improved, using the passenger safety instructions as an example. My first post showed you how it was before the FAA and how it is now. This post looks in particular how the passenger safety institutions (i.e., the cards and the briefings) improved since 1940 thanks to the FAA. Now, pay attention!

Continuous Improvement Loops in Aviation—Part 1

October 19, 2025April 15, 2025 by Christoph Roser

Commercial planes are one of the safest ways to get around. Accidents are rare, and your likelihood of dying in a plane is very small compared to all other modes of transportation. However, this was not always the case. Safety in modern aviation is the result of many improvement iterations. Let’s have a look at how aviation improved one of its aspects, namely the passengers’ knowledge of what to do in the case of an emergency.

On China’s Manufacturing Catch Up—Part 2

August 21, 2025March 4, 2025 by Christoph Roser

In my last post I started to talk about the remarkable increase in the Chinese manufacturing industry over the last decades, and how China is nowadays the manufacturing workshop for the world. Yet, in addition to opportunities, there are also challenges ahead. In my last post I described that it gets harder to catch up on technology the closer you come to the front runner (example chip making), but that there are plenty of opportunities in new industries (electric cars, solar cells). I also mentioned that past quality flaws also still have an impact on Chinese reputation. In this post I will continue with more challenges and opportunities for Chinese manufacturing. This series of posts is a mixture of facts and a lot more opinions, so feel free to disagree.

On China’s Manufacturing Catch-Up—Part 1

August 21, 2025February 25, 2025 by Christoph Roser

A lot of the stuff you own comes from China, either as a completed product or with plenty of parts that were assembled elsewhere. “Made in China” is a label you see very often when looking for the source of your products, albeit not everybody is convinced of the quality. In this series of two blog posts I want to look at how China improved its technological know-how as well as its manufacturing proficiency, and what challenges it faces as well as in its opportunities to completely close the gap with the Western world. This series of posts is a mixture of facts and a lot more opinions, so feel free to disagree.

A Frequent Mistake—Undoing an Assembly Line—Part 2

August 21, 2025May 7, 2024 by Christoph Roser

Assembly lines are THE way to do mass production. Yet, with constant regularity people try out to undo the assembly line, only to fail in their endeavor. In my previous post I looked at examples by Volkswagen in Salzgitter, Volvo in Kalmar, and Opel in Bochum, who all tried, just to switch back to an assembly line afterwards. This second post in this series has more historical examples of when people tried and failed to undo assembly lines in mass production.

A Frequent Mistake—Undoing an Assembly Line—Part 1

October 31, 2025April 30, 2024 by Christoph Roser

Assembly lines are everywhere in mass production. From mobile phones to cars to airplanes, almost all items produced in large quantities come from an assembly line. Just look around you wherever you are and try to find a produced item that did NOT come from an assembly line. My general recommendation is that if you can make it on an assembly line, then you probably should make it on an assembly line.

However, assembly lines are not always loved by the workers. Every few years, another—usually European—car maker is in the news about undoing the assembly line in favor of group work, box assembly, assembly stations, and the like. So far, all of these initiatives have dwindled and died, simply because the assembly line is the best! Let’s have a look at the long list of car companies that tried and failed with undoing the assembly line. The assembly line is still king in manufacturing!

Training Within Industry—Second-Line Supervisor Job Instructions

August 21, 2025June 6, 2023 by Christoph Roser

Training Within Industry and its modules Job Instructions, Job Relations, and Job Methods are well known. But (thanks to Mark Warren) I just recently learned about another module: Job Instructions for Second-Line Supervisors (nowadays called managers). This is a hierarchy level higher, and the goal is to support and guide the shop floor supervisors on how to use job instructions. Let me dig deeper: